Solar energy has become
a popular alternative energy source as a renewable energy source. It is the
energy that comes as natural resource from the sun.
Solar-based projects or
devices convert light energy of the sun into electricity that is used to
operate the device. For converting process, photovoltaic cells are used that
are available in different sizes and ratings based on the application used.
Solar energy is
classified into two types based on the way in which solar energy is utilized
1. Active Solar Energy
2. Passive Solar Energy
Passive
Solar Energy
The passive solarenergy is used directly from the Sun for various applications without using any
intermediate devices or converters. By using the solar energy passively, we can
heat water, water in swimming pools and can even heat houses or buildings. The
best example of passive solar energy is drying up clothes in bright daylight.
Applications of passive
solar energy include the following:
Solar heating and
cooling.
Day lighting.
Drying up cloths, food
products and other materials.
Active
solar energy
Active solar energy
reduces a building’s fossil fuel energy requirements for loads operation. An
active solar energy source has two major applications. With this energy system,
the solar energy from the sun is converted into electricity by using an
intermediate circuit (Photo voltaic cells).
Solar panels absorb the
energy of sun and transfer the electricity to the point of usage are placed on
the roof of a building or house. A solar heating system can provide a high
percentage of domestic energy requirements for heating purpose.
Applications of active
solar energy include the following:
Active solar space
heating.
Active solar water
heating.
Active solar pool
heating.
Conversion
of Solar Energy into Electricity Using Solar Panel
Solar Panel
The solar panels are
made of solar cells composed of semiconductor materials. Solar panels convert
solar energy into DC electricity usually of 12V, which is further utilized for
the rest of the circuit. The number of cells required and their size depend on
the load rating. An array of solar cells can produce maximum electricity if the
solar panel is placed exactly at right angle to the sun rays.
Charge Controller
A charge controller is
the heart of any solar-power system. The charge controller is used to maintain
proper charging voltages of the batteries. The charge controller regulates
voltage and current from the solar panel and charges the battery. It also prevents
the battery from overcharging and undercharging conditions.
Battery
Current produced from
the solar panels is stored in the battery and deliver this stored power to the
corresponding loads. The battery rating and the number of batteries required depend
on the load requirement.
Inverter
An inverter converts
the available battery’s DC voltage to the main AC voltage in order to operate
the loads. Therefore, the inverter helps us to run home appliances, computers
or other electronic devices. Inverters have the characteristics like high
switching frequency, less harmonic content, high conversion efficiency and so
on.
For Solar Products Visit Alphazee Systems.
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